(1398-1468) was a German goldsmith and inventor who achieved fame for his invention of the technology of printing movable types during 1447. Gutenberg has often been credited as being the most influential and important person of all times, with his invention occupying similar status.The A&E Network ranked him at #1 on their People of the Millenium countdown in 1999.Block printing, where by individual sheets of paper were pressed into wooden blocks with the text and illustrations carved into them, was first recorded in Chinese history,and was in use in East Asia long before Gutenberg. Gutenberg knew of existing techniques, or invented them independently, although the former is considered unlikely because substantial differences in technique.Some also claim that the Dutchman Laurens Janszoon Coster was the first European to invent movable type.
Gutenberg began experimenting with metal typography after he had moved from his native town of Mains to Strasbourg around 1430.Knowing that wood block type involved a great deal of time and expense to reproduce because it had to be hand carved,Gutenberg concluded that metal type could be reproduced much more quickly once a single mould had been fashioned.In 1455, Gutenberg demonstrated the power of the printing press by selling copies of two volume Bible for 300 florins each.This was equivalent of approximately three years wages for average clerk but it was significantly cheaper than a handwritten Bible that could take a single monk 20 years to transcribe.The one copy of the Biblia Sacre dated 1455 went to Paris,and was dated by the binder.(Gutenberg Bible)
Albrecht Duerer
(1471-1528)was a German painter, wood carver,engraver and mathematician.He is best known for his woodcuts in series, including Apocalypse, two series on the crucifixion of Christ, the Great Passion and the Little Passion as well as many of his individual prints,such as Knight, Death and the Devil...
His Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse part of the Apocalypse series is also celebrated.He is also known for his numerous self portraits.He is important for the history of graphic design in that he spent considerable time on the geometry of letters as well as book design.
Hiç yorum yok:
Yorum Gönder